When preparing a concrete floor for coatings or overlays, surface texture matters more than most people realize. If the surface is too smooth, coatings won’t adhere well. If it’s too rough, the finish may be uneven or consume excess materials. That’s why understanding Concrete Surface Profile (CSP) is critical in flooring projects.
At CustomCrete, we work with industrial and commercial clients throughout Chicago to ensure the right CSP is achieved for every flooring application. This blog will walk you through what CSP is, why it matters, and how to choose the right level for your next project.
What Is Concrete Surface Profile (CSP)?
Concrete Surface Profile (CSP) is a standardized measure of surface roughness on a concrete substrate. Developed by the International Concrete Repair Institute (ICRI), the CSP scale ranges from CSP 1 (nearly flat) to CSP 10 (very rough). Each level corresponds to a different preparation method and intended use.
Think of CSP as the texture gauge that ensures coatings and overlays properly bond to the surface beneath. Without proper surface preparation that achieves the correct CSP, even the best floor coatings can fail.
Why Does CSP Matter?
Achieving the correct CSP is essential for coating longevity and performance. A smooth surface (CSP 1 or 2) might be fine for a thin sealer, but it won’t allow a thick epoxy or urethane cement to bond securely. On the flip side, an excessively rough surface (CSP 9 or 10) might lead to high material usage or uneven finish.
Using the wrong CSP can result in:
- Poor adhesion of the coating
- Premature delamination
- Excessive material waste
- Uneven aesthetics
Matching the CSP to the product requirements ensures your flooring investment performs and lasts as intended.
CSP Levels and Their Common Uses
Here’s a breakdown of typical CSP levels and where they are used:
CSP 1: Ultra-Light Texture
Typically created through acid etching—though this method is now largely considered outdated and discouraged due to its inconsistent results and environmental concerns.
Rarely recommended for use today.
CSP 2: Light Texture
Achieved with light grinding, CSP 2 is the go-to profile for many thin-film applications. Best suited for:
- Sealers
- Very thin film coatings
- Decorative concrete finishes
CSP 3-4: Moderate Texture
Usually achieved through light shotblasting or scarifying. Best used for:
- Thin epoxy coatings
- Moisture vapor barriers
- Polished concrete base prep
CSP 5-6: Heavy Texture
Prepared with medium shotblasting or scarification. Suitable for:
- High-build epoxy coatings
- Urethane cement systems
- Traffic coatings in industrial environments
CSP 7-10: Aggressive Texture
These profiles are created using aggressive scarifying, milling, or hydro-demolition. Best used for:
- Thick overlays
- Polymer-modified toppings
- Heavily worn or damaged concrete repairs
How to Determine the Right CSP for Your Project
The required CSP is usually specified by the coating or flooring manufacturer. However, other factors come into play:
- Condition of existing concrete (cracked, spalled, etc.)
- Moisture level of the slab
- Chemical exposure risk
- Desired finish and thickness
At CustomCrete, we begin each project with a thorough assessment of your surface and coating goals. We use tools like ICRI CSP chips and surface testing to determine what preparation is needed and ensure compliance with manufacturer specifications.
Common Surface Preparation Methods to Achieve CSP
The CSP number you need will determine what method of surface preparation should be used:
- Grinding: Best for CSP 2, ideal for sealers and polish
- Shotblasting: Effective for CSP 3-6, often used before applying epoxy
- Scarifying: Generates CSP 4-9, depending on blade type and depth
- Scabbling or Milling: Produces very rough profiles (CSP 7-10) for overlays or major restoration
Conclusion: Don’t Overlook CSP in Concrete Flooring
Concrete Surface Profile may sound technical, but it has a huge impact on the success of your flooring project. Choosing the correct CSP ensures that your coatings or overlays adhere correctly, last longer, and perform better under pressure.
With CustomCrete’s experience in surface preparation across Chicago-area facilities, we make sure no detail is overlooked. From moisture testing to profile matching, we guide our clients through each step of the process.
Have questions about your concrete surface profile? Visit our next blog on “How Much Does It Cost To Prep Concrete?” or request a quote from CustomCrete today.
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